As described in Using LDAP with an application on Cloud Platform, you can configure an Cloud Platform application to communicate with the LDAP infrastructure on your internal network and access the directory information it contains. That document described the basics of configuring a Platform application and LDAP. This document describes how to configure LDAPS (LDAP over SSL), which uses SSL to secure communication between your Cloud Platform application and your LDAP infrastructure.

Before you begin

Before you enable LDAPS, follow the procedures described in Using LDAP with an application on Cloud Platform.

• Configure your LDAP infrastructure to use LDAPS (LDAP over SSL) for secure LDAP communications.
• (Optional) Install a firewall (or its equivalent) on your network between the LDAP infrastructure and Cloud Platform. VPNs (Virtual Private Networks) are not currently supported for this purpose.

Enable LDAPS: Main steps

You need to complete these main steps to enable SSL communication between your LDAP infrastructure and your Cloud Platform application:

1. Locate the CA (certificate authority) certificate chain.
2. Convert the certificate to PEM format.
3. Verify that the certificate works.
4. Add the CA certificate to your repository.
5. Set the environment variable with the certificate’s location.

Locate the CA certificate chain

To communicate with your LDAP infrastructure, your Cloud Platform application needs access to the CA certificates used to secure communications. If you don’t already know where these certificates are, you may be able to use the openssl s_client command to view details about the certificates:

openssl s_client -connect [ldapserver.address.com]:[port]

Use the URL and port number of your LDAP infrastructure. This command should return information about the CA certificate chain used by the LDAP infrastructure and the success or error messages for any certificates that are not present on your machine.

After you’ve located the CA certificates, download them to your local machine. There may be multiple PEM files required to complete the SSL chain. Combine all these files into a single PEM file.

Convert the certificate to PEM format

If the certificate is not provided in PEM format, you need to convert it. If the certificate is in PEM format, it will contain the lines “BEGIN CERTIFICATE” and “END CERTIFICATE” with base64 encoded data between them. If it is in DER format, it will contain binary data.

To convert from DER to PEM format, use the following command:

openssl x509 -in input.der -inform DER -out output.pem -outform PEM

Verify that the certificate works

After you download and (if necessary) convert the CA certificate, you should verify that it works to communicate with the LDAP infrastructure using the following command:

openssl s_client -connect [ldapserver.address.com]:[port] -CAfile  /path/to/certificate/file/certificatefilename.pem -quiet

This command should return something like this:

depth=2 /C=US/O=Equifax/OU=Equifax Secure Certificate Authority verify return:1
depth=1 /C=US/O=InterMediate Inc/CN=InterMediate Certificate Authority verify return:1
depth=0 /C=US/ST=California/L=Xanadu/O=Example Inc/CN=*.example.com verify return:1

If the certificate succeeds, this command should return verify return:1 at every level of the certificate chain. If it returns verify return:0, you are still missing one or more certificates in the chain. You will need to find the missing certificates and package them with your existing certificate into a single PEM file.

Add the CA certificate to your Cloud Platform code repository

The CA certificate needs to be available to your PHP code. To do this, add it to your application’s code repository:

1. Create a directory named ldap. Place this directory in your code repository above the docroot, so that it is not accessible on the web.
2. Copy the CA certificate into the ldap directory.

Set the environment variable with the certificate’s location

To set the environment variable with the certificate’s location:

1. Sign in to the Cloud Platform user interface, and select your application.
2. Select the environment to which you want to add a variable.
3. In the left menu, select Variables > Add Environment Variable.
4. In Name, specify LDAPTLS_CACERT.
5. Set the value of the environment variable to /var/www/html/<path-of-the-certificate>.
6. Click Add.
   For more information, visit Creating custom environment variables.

Configuring LDAPS

Locate the CA certificate chain

To communicate with your LDAP infrastructure, your Cloud Platform application needs access to the CA certificates used to secure communications. If you don’t already know where these certificates are, you may be able to use the openssl s_client command to view details about the certificates:

Use the URL and port number of your LDAP infrastructure. This command should return information about the CA certificate chain used by the LDAP infrastructure and the success or error messages for any certificates that are not present on your machine.

After you’ve located the CA certificates, download them to your local machine. There may be multiple PEM files required to complete the SSL chain. Combine all these files into a single PEM file.

Convert the certificate to PEM format

If the certificate is not provided in PEM format, you need to convert it. If the certificate is in PEM format, it will contain the lines “BEGIN CERTIFICATE” and “END CERTIFICATE” with base64 encoded data between them. If it is in DER format, it will contain binary data.

To convert from DER to PEM format, use the following command:

Verify that the certificate works

After you download and (if necessary) convert the CA certificate, you should verify that it works to communicate with the LDAP infrastructure using the following command:

This command should return something like this:

If the certificate succeeds, this command should return verify return:1 at every level of the certificate chain. If it returns verify return:0, you are still missing one or more certificates in the chain. You will need to find the missing certificates and package them with your existing certificate into a single PEM file.

Add the CA certificate to your Cloud Platform code repository

The CA certificate needs to be available to your PHP code. To do this, add it to your application’s code repository:

1. Create a directory named ldap. Place this directory in your code repository above the docroot, so that it is not accessible on the web.
2. Copy the CA certificate into the ldap directory.

Set the environment variable with the certificate’s location

To set the environment variable with the certificate’s location:

1. Sign in to the Cloud Platform user interface, and select your application.
2. Select the environment to which you want to add a variable.
3. In the left menu, select Variables > Add Environment Variable.
4. In Name, specify LDAPTLS_CACERT.
5. Set the value of the environment variable to /var/www/html/<path-of-the-certificate>.
6. Click Add.
   For more information, visit Creating custom environment variables.